Jianjian Lu

East China Normal University

 

As an ecological engineering project, the main goal of wetland park planning is to develop the natural assets and expand environmental capacity, but now there are two mistakes which run against that main goal in the Planning of Wetland Park. One of the mistakes is to set goal of water landscape garden or folk culture in design of Wetland Park, and the other mistake is to conserve named “the original ecology” or simply protect water birds. The two mistakes result in the project fund can not be used veritably to planning the real “wetland” park, and misdirect the concept of “ecological priority”. Based on the theories of ecological restoration and ecological economy，and the analysis of domestic and foreign success cases, we maintain the main goal of wetland park planning is to restore or recover of wetland ecosystem services, and the priority task is to restore or recover the top-drawer ecosystem services, which ought to be ensured basing on scientific researches and analyses in different regions. For example, restoration or recover the services of water filtering and climatic regulation functions should be the priority tasks of the wetland park planning within the cities. While, in suburb Wetland Park planning, the top-drawer ecosystem services are water quality and water supply reservoirs, and biodiversity conservation. Only when we position restoring the top-drawer ecosystem services as the priority tasks of wetland park planning can we get our original intention, carry out the fundamental policy of constructing resource-saving and environment-friendly urban, planning and building successful wetland park, and incarnate “ecological priority” verily.

 

 

 

Key words: Wetland Park planning;   regulation function;   ecological priority

 

 

华东师范大学

 

湿地公园建设是一项生态建设，其主旨在于培育自然资产，拓展环境容量。但是，目前在国内湿地公园建设规划中却存在两种与主旨相违背的误区：一种是以水景园林建设或民俗文化恢复作为湿地公园建设的主要目标，另一种是以所谓的保护“原生态”或单纯的鸟类保育作为湿地公园建设的主要目标。这两种误区导致建设资金没有真正落实在建设“湿地”公园上，还误导了“生态优先”的概念。笔者依据生态恢复学和生态经济学原理及对国内外成功案例分析后认为湿地生态服务功能的恢复与重建应是湿地公园建设的主要目标。而且，应以恢复和重建核心生态服务功能为首要任务。不同区域的湿地公园其恢复和重建的核心生态服务功能应在科学分析研究的基础上因地制宜地确定，例如：城市建成区域中建设的湿地公园应以水质净化和调节改善小气候为恢复和重建的核心生态服务功能；城郊的湿地公园应以水质水源保护和生物多样性保育为恢复和重建的核心生态服务功能等等。湿地公园的规划和建设的首要任务定位于恢复和重建湿地生态系统的核心服务功能，才能有效达到我们的初衷和执行建设资源节约型环境友好型城市的基本方针；真正建好“湿地”公园；真正体现“生态优先”。

 

 

 

关键词：湿地公园设计   生态服务功能   生态优先